Name: Number: 7th Grade - Group: Date: Teacher: Dimis Silveira Atividades de Recuperação

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1 Name: Number: 7th Grade - Group: Date: Teacher: Dimis Silveira Atividades de Recuperação ESTUDAR: Vocabulário: Estudar o vocabulário das unidades do livro 8. Caso tenham alguma dúvida sobre as atividades abordadas, entrar em contato comigo: dimiss@gmail.com Bom Estudo! 1) The Simple Past Tense: Significado O simple past é usado quando nos referimos a eventos que ocorreram em um tempo determinado no passado. Sendo assim, podemos concluir que o Simple Past é usado: - Para ações que se completaram no passado em tempo definido estabelecido na frase. Ex: He died in (Ele morreu em 1908). - Em contextos que nos reportem ao passado, mesmo desprovido de indicação temporal. Ex: I m sorry about last night. The train was 10 minutes late. (Desculpe-me sobre a noite passada. O trem estava 10 minutos atrasado). Forma O Simple Past é um tempo verbal simples, formado apenas por um verbo principal flexionado na forma do passado, e que faz uso do verbo auxiliar apenas nas formas interrogativas e negativas. A flexão do verbo no passado será feita diferentemente para verbos regulares e irregulares. Os verbos regulares recebem a terminação ed para formar o passado. Ex: Clean cleaned Wash washed Alguns verbos, apesar de regulares, exigem mudanças antes de receberem a terminação ed. Ex: Live lived Love loved Y Verbos terminados em y, sendo esta letra precedida de uma consoante, perderão o y para, então, ser acrescentada a terminação ied. Caso a letra y seja precedida de uma vogal, não há mudanças. Ex: study studied Mas play Played Try tried Mas destroy Destroyed Os verbos, cuja última sílaba seja formada por uma consoante, uma vogal e uma consoante, sendo esta a sílaba tônica, terão sua última consoante dobrada para então ser acrescentada a terminação ed. Esta regra é a mesma ao acrescentarmos todos os sufixos que se iniciam por vogal, como ed e o ing. Ex: step stepped mas develop developed Prefer preferred mas offer offered 1

2 Did Os tempos verbais simples necessitam de um verbo auxiliar para formarem frases interrogativas e negativas. O Simple Past usará o verbo auxiliar did para todas as pessoas, indistintamente. Da mesma forma que o Simple Present na terceira pessoa do singular requer que o s seja retirado do verbo que já está flexionado para poder passa-lo para as formas negativa e interrogativa, o auxiliar did exige que o verbo seja colocado novamente em sua forma natural (básica), pois a presença do did ao lado de um verbo por si só indica que ele está no passado simples. Frases Negativas Observe as seguintes frases: Mark liked clean things. He didn t like dirty places. (Mark gostava de coisas limpas. Ele não gostava de lugares sujos.) He helped his mother and he didn t study. (Ele ajudava a sua mãe e ele não estudava). * As primeiras frases são afirmativas, portanto o verbo está flexionado. Ao formamos uma frase negativa, dispensa-se a flexão e acrescenta-se did not ou a sua forma contra didn t. Frases Interrogativas Para a construção das frases interrogativas, coloca-se o verbo auxiliar did antes do sujeito da frase e recoloca-se o verbo em sua forma básica. Ex: Did his mother help him? (A mãe dele o ajudava?). Yes, his mother helped him. (Sim, a mãe dele o ajudava). 1) The Simple Past Tense: Exercise I- Complete as sentences com WAS ou WERE e depois traduza-as para o português: 1- You very tired. 2- She very beautiful yesterday. 3- They very happy. 4- We studying for the test. 5- Ryan and I talking on the phone. 6- Ryan working at Mc Donalds last year. 7- we at school yesterday? 8- They in front of the supermarket. 9- I in Italy last year. 10- Britney in New York last week. 11- Britney and Michael in Hollywood last month? 12- He studying yesterday II- Escreva as frases dadas nas formas negativa e interrogativa, e depois traduza-as para o português como no exemplo dado: Exemplo: I went to the beach last weekend. ( - ) I didn t go to the beach last weekend. (? )Did I go to the beach last weekend? Tradução: Eu fui para praia no último fim de semana. A- She traveled to Salt Lake City last month. B-They talked in English yesterday. 2

3 C-Ryan went to NY last April. D-I drank Coke last Friday. E- She bought a new jacket yesterday. F-They danced a lot at the party last Saturday. G- Richard and Mariah sang a beautiful song together last summer. H-I played the guitar last show. Adjetivos Longos O MORE é escrito em frente; Beautiful more beautiful = (mais bonito) Dangerous more dangerous = (mais perigoso) Intelligent more intelligent = (mais inteligente) Expensive more expensive = (mais caro) Short Adjectives: Adjetivos curtos em geral: Acrescenta-se ER: Cold colder (mais frio) Short shorter (mais curto ou mais baixo) Fast faster (mais rápido) Nice nicer (mais agradável) Tall taller (mais alto) Old older (mais velho) Pequenos terminados em CVC Duplicar a última consoante e acrescentar ER. Exemplos: Hot hotter (mais quente) Big bigger (maior) Fat fatter (mais gordo) Thin thinner (mais magro) Terminados em Y Tirar o Y e acrescentar IER: Exemplos: Pretty prettier (mais lindo) Sunny sunnier (mais ensolarado) Crazy crazier (mais louco) Happy happier (mais feliz) The Comparatives: by Dimis Silveira 3

4 Exceptions: Não possuem regras, seu comparativo é diferente. Good better (melhor) Bad worse (pior) Far farther or further (mais longe) The Superlative Veremos a seguir como usamos e como se forma o superlativo em Inglês. Usamos o superlativo quando queremos intensificar uma determinada característica. Observe a frase abaixo: Yesteday was the hottest day of the month. Neste exemplo estamos intensificando o adjetivo hot(quente), ontem foi o dia mais quente do mês. Em inglês, formamos o superlativo acrescentando o sufixo "-est" para os adjetivos monossílabos, ex: hot - hottest;cheap - cheapest;hard - hardest;long - longest;etc. Para adjetivos que tenham duas sílabas ou mais, usamos a palavra "most", antes do adjetivo, assim teremos: most famous; most difficult; most expensive;etc. Normalmente, usa-se the antes do superlativo - the hottest, the cheapest, the hardiest, the most famous, the most difficult, the most expensive. Há alguns superlativos que chamamos de irregulares: good - best; bad - worst; far - furthest. Espero que essa dica tenha sido útil pra você! See you later! ( Tirado de Complete Mariah s . Use the superlative form of the adjective. Dear Michael, Rio de Janeiro, November 15 th I m having the most amazing (amazing) vacation of my life and (hot)! I m in Rio de Janeiro. I m staying in (beautiful) place you can imagine. I m sure the ocean is (warm) and (clear) in the world. The nightlife is fantastic. It s (Good) I know. There are a lot of good-looking boys. And guess what? (attractive) boy here is my boyfriend! He s also (nice), (tall), (strong), and (intelligent)! In fact, he s Mr. Perfect! Love, Mariah Complete a sentença usando o adjetivo dado (em parênteses) na forma comparativa ou superlativa: 1- What is (tall) building in the world? 2- A Ferrari is (fast) than a Corolla. 3- Kelly is (thin) girl in my class. 4- Her teachers say that she is (good) student in the school. 4

5 5- We stayed in (bad) hotel in the whole city. 6- Dubai is (modern) than New York. 7- English is (easy) than Japanese. 23- Russia is (big) country in the planet. Complete The Dialogue With The Words From The Box Below: Best - Better - The funniest - Happier - Smaller - The ugliest - The worst Steve: Hi, Jenny! How are you today? Are you than yesterday? Jenny: Hi, Steve! Yes, I m okay today. Yesterday was day of my life! Steve: Oh, why? Jenny: Because my friend had a car accident. She s in the hospital, but she s fine now, believe it or not she s now. Steve: How? What? She is in the hospital and she s not sad at all!? Jenny: Well, she thought she had nose in the planet before and because of the accident, she had a nose plastic surgery. Steve: Hahahahah, that s thing I ve ever heard! Is her nose now? Jenny: Yes, it is. Not like Michael Jackson s, but it is! 1- Which is right? (Qual está certa?) a. Chris the thinnest girl here. b. Is Peter the tallest in class? c. Mario is the best student? d. Mariah and Johnny s the nicest peoples here. e. I m not the uglyiest! 2- Which is wrong? (Qual está errada?) a. Carlos is richer than Richard. b. Clarice is more beautiful than Mariah? c. Is Ryan more intelligent than you? d. Michael isn t the worst student. e. Are Ruben and Marcelo crazier than John? 3- Which is wrong? a. Faustão is fatter than Jô Soares. b. Robin is more handsome than Wallace. c. Dimis is more famous than George. d. Is Ronaldo badder than David? e. Are Ryan and Shakira happier than Priscilla? 4- Which is right? a. Poa is more dangerus than RJ. b. Fabio is the my best friend. c. Is Allen the coldest person in the world? d. English is the easyiest subject at school. e. I am more tallest than you! 5

6 5- Which is wrong? a. Mc Donald s is more expensive than Habib s. b. Giselle is most beautiful than Xuxa. c. Belém is not further than NY. d. Campo Bom is hotter than Canoas. 6- Which comparative adjective form is WRONG? a- More inteligent b- Worse c- Larger d- Safer 8- Which comparative adjective form is RIGHT? a- Crazyier. b- More beautiful c- Easyer d- Smaler. 9- Which comparative adjective form is WRONG? a- MORE BEAUTIFUL b- MORE INTELLIGENT c- MORE EXPENSIVE d- MORE DIFFICULT e- MORE DANGEROS 10- Which comparative adjective form is RIGHT? a- BETTER b- THINER c- COLDDER d- UORSE e- HOTER 11- Which superlative adjective form is WRONG? a- The nicest b- The biggest c- The colddest d- The most intelligent e- The best 12- Which superlative adjective form is RIGHT? a- The driest b- The more friendest c- The worst d- The bestest e- The most richest 13- Which superlative adjective form is WRONG? a- The worst b- The farthest c- The tallest d- The most dificult e- The highest 14- Which superlative adjective form is RIGHT? a- The fatest b- The goodest c- The expensiviest d- The furtherest e- The most interesting 15- Which is RIGHT? a- Mariah Carey is best singer. b- Bahia is the oldest state in Brazil? c- São Paulo is the bigest city in Brazil. d- Gremio is the best than Internacional. e- Porto Alegre is the most populated city in RS. 6

7 SIMPLE PAST: Escolha uma das alternativas para cada questão: by Dimis 1. Eu fui para são Paulo semana passada. ( ) I Have gone to São Paulo last week. ( ) I go to São Paulo last week. ( ) I went to São Paulo last week. 2. Ela não veio ontem. ( ) She went not yesterday. ( ) She didn t come yesterday. ( ) She didn t came yesterday. 3. Você comprou este carro ano passado? ( ) Did you buy this car last year? ( ) Do you bought this car last year? ( ) Did you bought this car last year? 4. Você assistiu o filme da TV noite passada? ( ) Do you watched the film on TV last night? ( ) Did you whatched the film on TV last night? ( ) Did you watch the film on TV last night? 5. Ryan jogou futebol das 10 às 11:30 ontem de manhâ. ( ) Ryan playeds soccer from 10 to 11:30 yesterday morning. ( ) Ryan played soccer from 10 to 11:30 yesterday morning. ( ) Ryan plays soccer did from 10 to 11:30 yesterday morning. 6. Eu não estava com ela semana passada. ( ) I Didn t be with her last week. ( ) I wasn t with her last week. ( ) I was not with she last week. 7. O que eles estavam fazendo às 2:30? ( ) What were they doing at 2:30? ( ) What did they doing at 2:30? ( ) What they were doing at 2:30? 8. Quem estava aqui no verão passado? ( ) Who did it be here last summer? ( ) Was it who here last summer? ( ) Who was here last summer? 10. Sarah e Wayne não foram ao médico ontem de tarde. ( ) Sarah and Wayne weren t to the doctor yesterday afternoon. ( ) Sarah and Wayne didn t go to the doctor yesterday afternoon. ( ) Sarah and Wayne wasn t the doctor yesterday afternoon. 11. Eu fui um garçom no último jogo. ( ) I was a waiter last game. ( ) I went one waiter last game. ( ) I was an waiter last game. 12. A aula deles começou ontem. ( ) The class them it started yesterday. ( ) Their class started yesterday. ( ) The class they started yesterday. 13. Quem abriu a porta hoje de manhã? ( ) Who did it open the door today morning? ( ) Who opened the door this morning? ( ) Who did opened the door today morning? 14. Christy and I hungry after the party. ( ) were ( ) was ( ) did 15. you yesterday at this time? ( ) Was worked ( ) Were work ( ) Were - working 16. James at home. He tv. ( ) was was watching ( ) were was watch ( ) was was watched 9. go eat drink need want buy speak know live. No passado ficam: ( ) went ate drank needed wont bought spoke knew lived. ( ) went ate drank needed - wanted buyed spoke knew lived. ( ) went ate drank needed wanted bought spoke knew lived. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE: O Past Continuous é um tempo verbal que usamos para nos referir a ações que estavam ocorrendo no passado ou que foram interrompidas. Exemplos: - Steve was talking on phone. = Steve estava falando ao telefone. - She was watching Tv when her mother arrived. = Ela estava vendo Tv quando sua mãe chegou. Como se pode notar, neste caso, os verbos principais estão no gerúndio, ou seja, possuem o sufixo ing. Em outras palavras, formamos frases do Past Continuous por meio da seguinte estrutura: Sujeito + Verbo To Be no passado (was/were) + Verbo no gerúndio (-ing) + Complemento. 7

8 Vale lembrar a conjugação do verbo To Be no passado: I - Was You - Were He - Was She - Was It - Was We - Were You - Were They Were Forma Interrogativa Basta trocarmos o sujeito e o verbo principal de posição. Exemplo: - Steve was talking on phone. (afirmação) - Was Steve talking on phone? (interrogação) Forma Negativa Adicionamos not ao verbo To Be. Exemplo: - Steve was talking on phone. (afirmação) - Steve wasn t talking on phone. (negação). A- PAST CONTINUOUS: Qual está certa? a- We was shopping yesterday afternoon. b- We were shoping yesterday afternoon. c- We were shopping yesterday afternoon. d- We was shop yesterday afternoon. B- PAST CONTINUOUS: Qual está errada? a- She wasn t watching TV last night. b- She weren t cooking rice and beans. c- Mary wasn t dancing with Richard. d- Ryan was not writing a letter. C- PAST CONTINUOUS: Qual está certa? a- Were you studying yesterday at this time? b- Was you studying yesterday at this time? c- Did you studying yesterday at this time? d- You were studying yesterday at this time? e- You were studing yesterday at this time? f- You was studing yesterday at this time? D- SIMPLE PAST: Qual está certa? a- I did not went to the beach last Summer. b- I did not go to the beach last Summer. c- I did not going to the beach last Summer. d- I m not did go to the beach. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE: EXERCISES Simple Future - Futuro Simples Will O futuro é uma forma verbal comumente utilizada para expressar eventos que ainda não aconteceram, estando estes situados depois do ato de fala, ou da escrita. O futuro simples em inglês é construído pelo verbo modal ou auxiliar will, ou pelo menos comum shall, seguido do verbo principal no infinitivo, sem to. O simple future é formado da seguinte maneira: WILL + verbo Os usos mais comuns são: Falar sobre uma decisão que está sendo tomada no momento da fala. 8

9 Ex: I ll give you the money right now. (Eu te darei o dinheiro agora mesmo). Fazer uma oferta. Ex: I ll get the money. (Eu darei o dinheiro). Fazer uma predição sobre o futuro. Ex: You ll be very rich. (Você será muito rico). Fazer um pedido. Ex: Will you ask them to be quiet? (Você pedirá a eles para ficarem quietos?). Recusar alguma coisa. Ex: No, I won t be quiet. (Não, eu não ficarei quieto). Fazer uma promessa, ameaça, dar um aviso ou um comando. Ex: I ll call the teacher. (Eu chamarei o professor). Fazer um convite. Ex: Will you join us tonight? (Você se juntará a nós esta noite?). Falar a respeito de acontecimentos sobre os quais você não está totalmente certo. Neste caso, usa-se advérbios que indicam probabilidade, como: perhaps (talvez), maybe (talvez), certainly (certamente), probably (provavelmente), it s possible/probable that... (É possível, provável que) Ex: I ll probably be late tomorrow. (Eu provavelmente estarei atrasado amanhã). Geralmente são acompanhados por alguns advérbios ou locuções adverbiais, como: tomorrow, soon, next month/week/year, in a few days, in a short time, in hours... O futuro simples tem as seguintes formas: Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa Afirmativa Interrogativa Negativa I will I will not Will I? Will not I? You will You will not Will you? Will not you? He He He? He? She will She will not Will She? Will not She? It It It? It? We will We will not Will we? Will not we? You will You will not Will You? Will not You? They will They will not Will They? Will not They? Essas formas também possuem contrações: WILL+NOT=WON T / SHALL+NOT=SHAN T Afirmativa Negativa Interr. Negativa 9

10 I ll I won t Won t I? You II You won t Won t you? He ll She ll It ll He She won t It He? Won t She? It We ll We won t Won t we? You ll You won t Won t You? They ll They won t Won t They? Outros Exemplos: We will call him now. (Nós ligaremos para ele agora). Will she cook for us? (Ela cozinhará para nós?). I wontt go to the supermarket. (Eu não irei ao supermercado). We shall never give up. (Nós não devemos desistir nunca). 4) IMMEDIATE FUTURE (TO BE GOING TO) O Futuro imediato funciona com o presente contínuo do Going to, ou o BE GOING TO. Ele, diferentemente do Futuro Comum, necessita de um pouco mais de planejamento. Mas nada muito imutável. Se você quiser, pode alterar o acontecimento. Usamos o Futuro Simples Imediato quando já estamos praticamente fazendo a ação, por exemplo: Estou indo à escola. O futuro é chegar a escola. Já estamos no caminho para chegar a escola. Posso me desviar e entrar em uma lanchonete ou em qualquer outro lugar, por isso, não é imutável. Mas, agora, estou indo pra escola. EX: I m going to Japan next monday. She s going to study a lot more for the test next time. They are going to go skydiving on their next trip. Estou indo para o Japão próxima segunda-feira. Ela vai estudar muito mais para o teste na próxima vez. Eles irão pular de para-quedas na próxima viagem deles. Mas cuidado, pois o going to também pode ser usado no presente. Veja, a seguir, duas frases praticamente iguais, mas uma no futuro e outra no presente: FUTURO I'm going to my house right now! PRESENTE I'm going to my house in a couple of weeks. Eu estou indo para casa agora mesmo! Eu estou indo para a minha casa em algumas semanas. 10

11 FORMA AFIRMATIVA Para construir a forma afirmativa, basta usarmos o verbo "To Be" + "Going to" e pronto. Não existe muito mistério. Veja o modelo abaixo para aprender a construir uma frase na forma afirmativa:: Sujeito + Verbo "To Be" + Going to + Objeto ( opcional ) A seguir, veja os exemplos: SUJEITO VERBO "TO BE" GOING TO OBJETO I am going to take a trip to Rome for this weekend. he is going to take a bus to get there. you are going to be a good boy, aren't you? Ronaldo is going to phone his boyfriend next saturday. we are going to talk with her. The old man is going to open the bookstore soon. The children are going to cross the street. FORMA NEGATIVA Veja a seguir como montar a forma negativa: Sujeito + Verbo "To Be" + Not + Going to + Objeto ( opcional ) A seguir, veja os exemplos: SUJEITO VERBO "TO BE" NOT GOING TO OBJETO I am not going to take a trip to Rome for this weekend. he is not going to take a bus to get there. you are not going to Ronaldo is not going to be a good boy, aren't you? phone his boyfriend next saturday. we are not going to talk with her. The old man is not going to open the bookstore soon. The children are not going to cross the street. FORMA INTERROGATIVA Veja a seguir como montar a forma interrogativa: Verbo "To Be" + Sujeito + Going to + Objeto ( opcional ) A seguir, veja os exemplos: VERBO "TO BE" SUJEITO GOING TO OBJETO Am I going to take a trip to Rome for this weekend. 11

12 Is he going to take a bus to get there. Are you going to be a good boy, aren't you? Is Ronaldo going to phone his boyfriend next saturday. Are we going to talk with her. Is the old man going to open the bookstore soon. Are the children going to cross the street. FUTURE EXERCISES - What s the best answer? (Qual é a melhor resposta?) 1- When will you travel to Disneyland? a- Yes, she will travel next Summer. b- Yes, Ryan will go to Disneyland. c- Yes. I will travel to Disneyland. d- I think I will travel next summer. 2- -Is Daniel Radcliffe going to travel next week? a- yes, Daniel is. b- yes, she is c- yes, he will d- yes, Daniel will. 3- Will Maite Perroni move to Brazil? a- Yes, she is. b- Yes, he will c- Yes, she can d- No, she won t. 4 - Are Christopher Uckermann and I going to take many pictures? a- No, we aren t. b- Yes, they do c- Yes, he is. d- Yes, we will. 5- -Will you travel to Italy next Spring? a- No, I can t. b- Yes, I won t. c- Yes, I will. d- Yes, you are. e- Yes, you will. II- Escreva as frases dadas nas formas negativa e interrogativa, e depois traduza-as para o português: 11- I WILL study more. ( - ) (? ) Translation: 12- She WILL eat less and exercise more. ( - ) (? ) Translation: 13- They are going to drive a bus today. ( - ) (? ) Translation: 14- You are going to go to the park. ( - ) (? ) Translation: Notes: 12